The Peggy Guggenheim Collection is the most important museum in Italy for European and American art of the first half of the 20th century. It is located in Peggy Guggenheim's former home, Palazzo Venier dei Leoni, on the Grand Canal in Venice.
Opened in 1951 by the niece of Solomon R Guggenheim, wealthy American industrialist and art collector, the museum presents Peggy Guggenheim's personal collection of 20th century art, masterpieces form the Gianni Mattioli collection, the Nasher Sculpture Garden, as well as temporary exhibitions.
The Peggy Guggenheim Collection is owned and operated by the Solomon R Guggenheim Foundation, which also operates the Solomon R Guggenheim Museum, New York, the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, Deutsche Guggenheim Berlin, Guggenheim-Hermitage, Las Vegas and the Guggenheim Museum Las Vegas.

The Permanent Collection with over 300 images and objects includes masterpieces of Cubism, Futurism, Metaphysical painting, European Abstraction, Surrealism, and American Abstract Expressionism. Among the artists represented are Picasso (The Poet, On the Beach), Braque, Duchamp (Sad Young Man on a Train), Léger, Brancusi (Maiastra, Bird in Space), Severini, Balla, Delaunay, Kupka, Picabia (Very Rare Picture on the Earth), Mondrian, Kandinsky (Landscape with Red Spots No.2), Arp, Miró (Seated Woman II), Giacometti (Woman Walking), Klee (Magic Garden), Ernst, Magritte (Empire of Light), Dalì, Pollock (Moon Woman, Alchemy), Rothko, Calder, Moore, and Marini. The Collection also includes African and Oceanic objects. 

Since September 1997, the museum has exhibited twenty-six paintings on long-term loan from the renowned Gianni Mattioli Collection. The collection includes legendary images of Italian Futurism such as Boccioni’s Materia and Dynamism of a Cyclist, Carrà’s Interventionist Demonstration, Russolo’s The Solidity of Fog, and other works by Balla, Severini (Blue Dancer), Sironi, Soffici, Rosai, and Depero. Early paintings by Morandi and a portrait by Modigliani are also in this collection.

Temporary exhibitions are also held in the rooms of this ground floor palace.